American researchers have found that regular coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing cirrhosis, liver cancer, and other liver diseases. The data obtained help to better understand the biochemical processes underlying the protective effects of this beverage.

The study was conducted by specialists from the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (USA) based on an analysis of information from 354,957 participants in the UK Biobank. At the start of the observation period, none of the volunteers had been diagnosed with cirrhosis or liver cancer. Over approximately 13 years, the health status, habits, and lifestyle of the participants were monitored and compared with their medical records, tomography results, and biochemical analyses. The findings were published in the journal Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

The results showed that people who drank at least five cups of coffee a day had a 32% lower risk of developing cirrhosis, a 47% lower risk of liver cancer, and a 42% lower risk of death from liver diseases compared to those who did not drink coffee. Positive changes were observed even with the consumption of one to two cups per day, but the most pronounced protective effect was seen with three to four cups.

Tomography and proteomics data confirmed that regular coffee drinkers had less fat accumulation in the liver and fewer signs of fibrosis and inflammation. Their blood showed higher concentrations of proteins responsible for normal liver function, as well as lower levels of molecular markers of tissue scarring.

Biochemical studies indicated that polyphenols and other compounds found in coffee interact with the nuclear receptor NR4A1, which is involved in the cellular response to stress, inflammation, and damage. These substances influence biochemical processes related to liver protection.

A positive trend was noted among both regular coffee drinkers and those who preferred decaffeinated coffee. This suggests that the protective effect is due not only to caffeine but also to other beneficial substances such as antioxidants and polyphenols, which have anti-inflammatory properties.

Despite these findings, the study was observational and should not be taken as a recommendation to increase coffee consumption for the prevention of liver diseases.

Medical experts remind us that coffee is not suitable for everyone. People with uncontrolled hypertension, heart rhythm disorders, chronic insomnia, or heightened anxiety should exercise caution. Additionally, other factors such as a balanced diet, physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and moderate alcohol consumption also have a positive impact on liver health.